1 Modul ke: Fakultas Program Studi Teknologi Pusat Data 04 FASILKOM Teknik Informatika Pendekatan Proyek Pusat Data
Presentation on theme: 'Modul ke: Fakultas Program Studi Teknologi Pusat Data 04 FASILKOM Teknik Informatika Pendekatan Proyek Pusat Data.'— Presentation transcript:
2 APPROACHING THE DATA CENTER PROJECT Dr. Natheer Khasawneh
3 Value of Your Data Center Data Centers are specialized environments that safeguard your company's most valuable equipment and intellectual property. Data Centers house the devices that do the following: Process your business transactions Host your website Process and store your intellectual property Maintain your financial records Route your e-mails
4 Data Center Brain of your company Your business' ability to: Perceive the world (data connectivity) Communicate (e-mail) Remember information (data storage) Have new ideas (research and development) How to: Secure the brain Help it function efficiently Develop its full potential for your business
5 What do you need to know? Physical design and construction of a Data Center How to customize the environment to meet your company's needs How to organize and manage your Data Center effectively so downtime is minimized, troubleshooting is easier, and the room's infrastructure is fully used
6 So, how much is acceptable to spend on the construction of your Data Center? That depends. To determine the answer, you need to know the value of what your Data Center is protecting.
7 Shall I simply outsource? What is outsource? Rent server environment space from an outside company. Colocation facility Type of data center where equipment space and bandwidth are available for rental to retail customers. Colocation facilities provide space, power, cooling, and physical security for the server, storage, and networking equipment of other firms—and connect them to a variety of telecommunications and network service providers. (from wikipedia) How much does it cost? Costs for an outsourced Data Center are usually dictated by the amount of floor and rack space your servers occupy, how much power they draw, and what level of connectivity and staff support they require.
8 Things to consider: Ownership Responsibility Access Up-front costs
9 Why not to outsource? Server environment contains my company's most valuable items and handles our business critical functions so you want your own employees to be its caretakers. No one can know your company's server environment needs like you own people who are dedicated to supporting it, No matter how good an outside vendor is, it does not have a personal stake in making sure that your Data Center runs correctly the way that your and your coworkers do.
10 Outsource if: You have a short-term need for a server environment, perhaps until a permanent Data Center is constructed You want a standby facility ready to take over for a primary Data Center in the event of a catastrophic event.
11 You still want to outsource! Then do not drop the course. You need to: Know what types of infrastructure you want the facility to have to support your servers Foresee what challenges even your rented space might face. Be prepared for the day when you may want to build your own Data Center.
12 Defining Requirements and Roles You need to identify the requirements of your data center Also, you need to identify the roles and relationship between different employees.
13 Purpose of building data center Why is your company building this Data Center? What needs must it meet? What specific functions does it need to perform, and perform well, to be considered a success? What level of availability does your business require?
14 Roles and relationship Delineate which departments and people are responsible for what tasks Who designs the Data Center's electrical infrastructure, for example? An IT person who manages the room and knows about the incoming server equipment? A facilities person experienced with electrical systems? An outside architect knowledgeable about regional building codes?
15 Understanding Client Needs Talk to the people who work in the room(your client), and find out the following: What servers they want it to support How much connectivity those devices need What their power requirements are Whether clients see trends among the equipment they are ordering most commonly Focus on current needs along with future needs. Clients knows well their current needs. Clients may do not have any idea about future needs.
16 Cross-Functional Support Responsibility for a company's Data Center is typically shared among multiple departments and personnel. Example: Security manager typically governs physical access into the Data Center. IT manager coordinates where servers are physically deployed. Each one has different point of view with regards to security access. Solution: Foster communication and seek compromise
17 Architecting a Productive Data Center In order to have well designed data center you need to follow five essential design strategy: Make It Robust Make It Modular Make It Flexible Standardize Promote Good Habits
18 Make It Robust Above all, your Data Center has to be reliable. Its overarching reason for existence is safeguarding your company's most critical equipment and applications. Regardless of what catastrophes happen you want your Data Center up and running so your business continues to operate. Data Center infrastructure must have depth: standby power supplies to take over when commercial electricity fails, and redundant network stations to handle the communication needs if a networking device malfunctions. The infrastructure must be configured so there is no single component or feature that makes it vulnerable. It does little good to have multiple standby power systems if they are all wired through a single circuit, or to have redundant data connections if their cable runs all enter the building at one location. In both examples, a malfunction at a single point can bring the entire Data Center offline.
19 Make It Modular Your Data Center must not only have a depth of infrastructure, it must also have breadth. You want sufficient power, data, and cooling throughout the room so that incoming servers can be deployed according to a logical master plan, not at the mercy of wherever there happens to be enough electrical outlets or data ports to support them. To achieve this uniform infrastructure, design the room in interchangeable segments. Stock server cabinet locations with identical infrastructure and then arrange those locations in identical rows. Modularity keeps your Data Center infrastructure simple and scalable. It also provides redundancy, on a smaller scale, as the standby systems mentioned previously. If a component fails in one section of the Data Center, users can simply plug in to the same infrastructure in another area and immediately be operational again.
20 Make It Flexible It is safe to assume that routers, switches, servers, and data storage devices will advance and change in the coming years. They may become smaller or bigger. Data Centers are not static, so their infrastructure should not be either. Design for flexibility. Build infrastructure systems using components that are easily changed or moved. Inflexible infrastructure invariably leads to more expense down the road. Part of a Data Center's flexibility also comes from whether it has enough of a particular type of infrastructure to handle an increased need in the future.
21 Standardize Make the Data Center a consistent environment. This provides stability for the servers and networking equipment it houses, and increases its usability. When building a new facility, it might be tempting to try something different, to experiment with an alternate design philosophy or implement new technology. If there are new solutions that truly provide quantifiable benefits, then by all means use them. Do not tinker with the design just to tinker, though. Once you find a design model or infrastructure component that provides the functions and features you are looking for, make it your standard. Avoid variety for variety's sake. The more complex the environment, the greater the chance that someone will misunderstand the infrastructure and make a mistake, most likely in an emergency.
22 Promote Good Habits Data Center should be engineered to encourage desirable behavior. Incorporating the right conveniences into the Data Center and eliminating the wrong ones definitely make the space easier to manage. Data Center users are busy people. They are looking for the fastest solution to their problems.
23 Examples of Good Habits Construct a nearby Build Room where system administrators can unbox servers to keep the Data Center free of boxes and pallets Make primary Data Center aisles larger than those between server rows, creating an obvious path for users to follow when rolling refrigerator-sized servers through the room for deployment. Install wall-mounted telephones with long receiver cords throughout the Data Center if you are concerned about interference from cellular phones and want to reduce their usage. Provide pre-tested patch cords to promote standardized cabling practices.
24 Data Center Ergonomics Make things accessible— This means putting items close by that Data Center users need to perform their job. It also means designing work areas, say within an electrical panel or where data cabling terminates, to be free of clutter. Choose simple over complex— The more straightforward a Data Center's details are, the less chance there is for someone to make a mistake and perhaps cause an outage. Following this principle can influence how you arrange server equipment and major infrastructure in the room. Remove mystery— If there is a chance someone might not understand an element of a Data Center, add some form of written instructions—signage, labeling, or even maps. Consider human nature— People typically follow the path of least resistance. As suggested in the preceding section about making the Data Center intuitive, take this into account when designing the room. If you want someone to use a particular type and length patch cord, for example, you should provide them in the Data Center.
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What Is Project Management Software?
Teams that have to handle multiple projects can't simply rely on human memory to keep them all organized. Furthermore, trying to keep everything together via email is a recipe for productivity disaster. To deliver projects on time and within budget, teams must write down information, plot deadlines, and share documents. Individual members need to be in constant communication with one another. When your team needs to get serious about managing projects, the solution is to use project management software.
Project management services are online systems for working and collaborating on projects. These real-time workspaces let team members and outside partners keep an eye on every detail that brings a project to fruition. They typically provide an overview of all the projects in the pipeline, as well as the nitty-gritty details about the daily work being done to move the projects forward. Some contain tools for managing resources as well, whether those resources are workers, materials, or money.
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The very best project management apps help teams handle common problems, such as slipped deadlines, by automatically rescheduling tasks that are affected by them. They generate reports that give managers insight into which team members have too much—or too little—work on their plates. Many track time spent on projects and integrate with invoicing and billing systems.
The most important thing to know about project management apps, as opposed to other kinds of work-management apps, is that they are for projects. That might sound like a tautology, but it's important.
Projects are a specific type of work. Every project has a start date, end date, and deliverable. Building a house is a project. Launching a new website is a project. Maintaining a website, however, is ongoing work with no clear beginning or end date. Publishing a monthly magazine is a project that you complete once a month. Writing daily content for a blog is ongoing work. You could, theoretically, manage each blog post as its own project, but if the turnaround time is quick and only a few people are involved, using full-scale project management software is overkill.
How Project Management Apps Work
Many projects are managed by a dedicated project manager, and that's true even with software equivalent. While a project manager might still be the person overseeing the project and helping to redirect resources as needed, she or he is not the only person touching the project management app.
All kinds of people involved with the project use the app to update their progress on assigned tasks. They check into the project management app to, for example, see their designated tasks and to enter how much time they spent on an assignment. Employees, contractors, and sometimes even clients can use the project management app to share documents, sign off on plans, and so forth.
In a best-case scenario, every milestone, task, and subtask is assigned to a specific person and given a deadline. Typically, other team members can see who is responsible for what, whether that person is on track to complete it on time, and if there are any unanswered questions about the job. That level of insight is important because it alerts people who are further down the planned chain of events of possible delays before they occur.
Having visibility into every team member's task list is also useful for understanding whether people are falling behind because they're overworked. When you can see that a colleague has six task assignments all due within the next 48 hours, it's easy to spot the problem and redistribute the work before deadlines slip. By looking at a Gantt chart (a pretty common feature in project management apps), for example, a manager can see clearly who is doing what, and how various tasks are related, too. It helps everyone use available resources more effectively.
Projects also usually have assets, which range from a detailed description of the project and its parts to a visual mockup. People on the project team all need access to these assets, and the project management app becomes the central place where they live.
Many project management solutions include storage space so that your team can upload files right into the workspace, where everyone on the team can see and discuss them. It's also common for services to have an option to connect to third-party online storage services, such as Box, Dropbox, Google Drive, or OneDrive, so that team members can link or upload files to the project management system from the repositories they already use.
Free Project Management Tools
A few project management software systems have free versions, but they are generally quite limited. The primary limitation is the number of projects you can manage (think one or two), although sometimes a service might restrict the amount of storage space you get or prevent you from using certain features.
Almost all project management apps have, at a minimum, a two-week free trial. When a free trial has a time limit on it, we don't count it as having a free tier of service. To us, free means you get to use it forever with no charge, even if there are some tight restrictions.
While it's helpful to try out software for free while you decide whether to upgrade, most businesses, in the end, will need (or want) the features and space allotments that come with paid accounts. Still, it's often helpful to try a product for longer than a couple weeks before deciding whether it's right for you, your team, and the work you all do.
Which project management system has a free version? Teamwork Projects, Zoho Projects, TeamGantt, and ProofHub all do (although ProofHub's free account isn't advertised online and you have to contact the company to request it).
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Free trials often come with other limitations, which we've listed in the Price section of the complete reviews; the reviews are linked in the table above and the in the short capsules below.
Collaboration Software
Although it may sound similar in concept, collaboration software is a little different from true project management software. While you do collaborate
Collaboration software comprises many different kinds of apps and services that handle everything from video conference calls to letting two people type on a document at the same time.
Modern project management services often include native communication and collaboration tools. They may also let you connect to the collaboration apps that your team already uses, such as Slack or Google Docs.
Whether you use the integrated communications tools or connect to an outside one, the idea is that your team can log into one workspace and have everything they need to get work done at hand, including a prioritized to-do list, all the necessary assets, notes from other colleagues, a calendar of deadlines and milestones, and a place to ask questions and find answers. Some project management apps even offer billing and expense tools, too.
Workflow Software
Earlier we mentioned that project management apps are designed for managing projects, but not other kinds of work. What kind of work isn't a project? Any kind of ongoing work fits the bill, such as fixing bugs as they get reported or answering support calls. Ongoing work often is marked by recurring tasks.
For ongoing work, people often talk about using workflow management tools rather than project management apps. Workflow management software and project management apps have considerable overlap in what they do from a theoretical standpoint. They both help groups of people write down what needs to be done and figure out when to do it. Project management apps, however, provide structure for ushering the work along its course, whereas workflow management apps are more flexible. With workflow management, you often have to decide how to use the tool. That's not usually the case with project management apps, which have a more prescribed use.
Workflow management is tricky to classify because sometimes it's handled as a standalone issue and sometimes it's rolled into other apps. Editors' Choice Asana, for example, handles workflow management pretty concretely, as do kanban board apps—more on these below. But all-in-one work hubs, such as Workfront and Podio, can include workflow management tools if you add them to your account. They can also have full-scale project management applications inside them, too. But workflow management isn't necessarily the core of the service, and neither is project management. Those are just apps you can add to your account.
Kanban board apps are another kind of workflow management software. Kanban can be described as a style of working. It comes from Japan, and it was traditionally used in manufacturing for just-in-time delivery. These days, kanban apps are popular among software development teams. Kanban is typically a visually oriented system that is particularly good at controlling how much new work a team takes on before the current batch of work in progress is complete. The idea is to keep work flowing smoothly by not overloading workers with too many competing mandates. Some businesses do use kanban to manage projects, but kanban apps
Task Management Software
Task management software is slightly different from project management software. Project management apps do include task management features in them, but you can get standalone task management apps if that's the only piece you really need.
One of the clearest examples of a task management app is Asana, which, confusingly, is also a very clear example of a workflow management app, as mentioned above—one with kanban functionality, to boot. With Asana, you can assign tasks to specific individuals, and add descriptions, deadlines, and attached documents to each one, but they aren't necessarily part of a larger project.
Task-management apps work pretty well for ongoing work. You can manage a project in Asana, but it takes a little more work on your part to do so. The best way to explain it is with an analogy.
Think of Asana (any kanban app) as a deck of cards. Now think of a project management app as a board game. Board games have with rules, and the game is usually the most fun when you play it as it was designed to be played. With a deck of cards, however, you can play a game someone else invented or you can make up your own game. Before you play cards, you have to make sure everyone at the table knows the rules and plays by the same rules, because they aren't written down on a handy sheet of paper for you all to follow.
The same thing happens when you start using a task management app. You have to spend a lot of time figuring out how you're going to use it. On the one hand, it's very flexible. On the other hand, it can take considerable trial and error to get it right.
That's not to imply that project management systems are inflexible. With a board game, you could certainly make up your own rules or create variations on the rules. But you buy a board game with an understanding that it works best when you use it for its intended purposes. You use a project management app with the understanding that you are going to manage projects by assigning tasks and deadlines, monitoring work, tracking billable hours, and so forth.
Project Management for Small Business
Many small businesses turn to project management software because they're overwhelmed by working in email. The right project management platform can help kill email, but know that it won't happen overnight. It takes time for employees to learn the software, and for your organization to figure out how best to use it for the projects you have.
Small business and enterprises have very different needs, however, and it's important to find the project management tool that best fits your business.
One tip-off as to whether a project management solution is better suited for small companies or large enterprises is how they charge. Project management platforms that can support enterprises typically have a per-user-per-month fee structure, while those that cater more to very small businesses often charge a flat monthly rate for a set number of licenses or for unlimited licenses. And it's not that a very small business can't or shouldn't use the same software that the big players use, but sometimes it's overkill, and who wants to get stuck paying for features they don't need?
Another differentiating factor is whether the project management platform has many permissions levels. Workfront, for instance, has different permissions levels for executives, portfolio managers, project managers, and team members. Having such hierarchical roles can ensure that each person in the organization has the right level of access. In a very small business, where each employee wears a lot of different hats, permission levels might not be as advantageous.
There are other differences, too, aspects you'll want to consider for your particular business, team structure, and style of working. The summaries below will guide you toward finding the right service for your organization. When you're ready to get the full story on a particular service, click through to read an in-depth review.
What's Not Here?
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We review far more project management software than we can fit into a story like this. Plenty of great services, including the very popular Basecamp, are not currently
Best Project Management Software Featured in This Roundup:
Zoho Projects Review
MSRP: $25.00
Pros: Rich communication features. Generally easy to set up and use. Responsive. Great value. Deep configuration options. Time-management tools let you clock multiple tasks at once.
Cons: Resource data displayed in an unusual way. Not ideal for large teams.
Bottom Line: Zoho Projects has a low price, straightforward interface, and excellent array of features. It's a top choice for small businesses.
Read ReviewLiquidPlanner Review
MSRP: $45.00
Pros: Rich tracking and resource management. Unique dynamic features. Drag-and-drop simplicity. Responsive site.
Cons: Expensive. Steep learning curve.
Bottom Line: LiquidPlanner is an impressive online tool for managing projects, tasks, workers, and their time. Though expensive, it's one of the best work-management tools on the market.
Read ReviewWrike Review
MSRP: $24.80
Pros: Easy and quick setup. Intuitive to use. Tidy interface. Great feature set. Can be used to manage projects or ongoing work.
Cons: Most valuable features limited to Business-grade accounts.
Bottom Line: When you need a project management and collaboration solution in a hurry, turn to Wrike. You can set it up quickly, and integrate it with many other apps and services.
Read ReviewTeamwork Projects Review
MSRP: $69.00
Pros: Simple and intuitive design. Optional kanban view. Integrated calendar. Free account available. Great customization options.
Cons: No PDF or image markup tools. Uninviting Gantt chart view. Teamwork Chat and Desk feel detached.
Bottom Line: With an extensive set of features and intuitive interfaces, Teamwork Projects is one of the best services for managing projects.
Read ReviewWorkfront Review
MSRP: $30.00
Pros: Provides enterprise-level work management and project management. Feature-rich. Supports different permissions levels. Open API.
Cons: No included chat app or timer. Not suited for companies aiming for a flat org chart. Rich customization means several weeks' setup time required.
Bottom Line: Workfront provides high-end project management for enterprises, as well as tools for getting day-to-day work done, all in one highly customizable service.
Read ReviewClarizen Review
MSRP: $45.00
Pros: Comprehensive work management and project management (PM) platform. Includes chat app. Easy to navigate. Quick setup. Open APIs.
Cons: Not particularly fast, slick, or responsive. Expensive.
Bottom Line: Clarizen is an online work management and PM service that's best suited for enterprise organizations. Though it's easy to start using, it's a bit expensive and less slick than other options.
Read ReviewCeloxis Review
MSRP: $25.00
Pros: Customizable dashboard. Clear, responsive interface. Good tools for generating reporting. Can track human and financial resources. Task timer included.
Cons: Cannot view or mark up attachments in the app. No in-app chat.
Bottom Line: Easy to learn and cleanly designed, project management app Celoxis offers a wide range of features for tracking tasks, financial resources, and time. It could be stronger in collaboration and communication, however.
Read ReviewTeamGantt Review
MSRP: $14.95
Pros: Easy way to get into Gantt charts. Intuitive. Exceptional tutorial content. Reasonable price.
Cons: Doesn't update in real time. Lacks in-app notifications. Limited integration options for third-party tools.
Bottom Line: Highly intuitive for beginners, TeamGantt is an excellent project management app for small businesses. It could use improved communication tools, however.
Read ReviewProofHub Review
MSRP: $50.00
Pros: Clear interface. Quick and easy setup. Nice balance of features and simplicity. Competitively priced.
Cons: Lacks budgeting tools. No recurring option for tasks. Slow. Occasional interface annoyances.
Bottom Line: Project management app ProofHub aims for simplicity without skimping on major features. It's an excellent app with a competitive price for small businesses.
Read ReviewMicrosoft Project Review
MSRP:
Pros: Powerful in the right hands. Detailed options for managing resources. Customizable reports.
Cons: Confusing to buy, learn, and use. Doesn't integrate with many apps outside the Microsoft family. Pricier than competitors.
Bottom Line: It takes specific conditions for Microsoft Project to be a team's best option for project management, but when all the stars align, it's a powerful tool.
Read Review
Best Project Management Software Featured in This Roundup:
Zoho Projects Review
MSRP: $25.00Pros: Rich communication features. Generally easy to set up and use. Responsive. Great value. Deep configuration options. Time-management tools let you clock multiple tasks at once.
Cons: Resource data displayed in an unusual way. Not ideal for large teams.
Bottom Line: Zoho Projects has a low price, straightforward interface, and excellent array of features. It's a top choice for small businesses.
Read ReviewLiquidPlanner Review
MSRP: $45.00Pros: Rich tracking and resource management. Unique dynamic features. Drag-and-drop simplicity. Responsive site.
Cons: Expensive. Steep learning curve.
Bottom Line: LiquidPlanner is an impressive online tool for managing projects, tasks, workers, and their time. Though expensive, it's one of the best work-management tools on the market.
Read ReviewWrike Review
MSRP: $24.80Pros: Easy and quick setup. Intuitive to use. Tidy interface. Great feature set. Can be used to manage projects or ongoing work.
Cons: Most valuable features limited to Business-grade accounts.
Bottom Line: When you need a project management and collaboration solution in a hurry, turn to Wrike. You can set it up quickly, and integrate it with many other apps and services.
Read ReviewTeamwork Projects Review
MSRP: $69.00Pros: Simple and intuitive design. Optional kanban view. Integrated calendar. Free account available. Great customization options.
Cons: No PDF or image markup tools. Uninviting Gantt chart view. Teamwork Chat and Desk feel detached.
Bottom Line: With an extensive set of features and intuitive interfaces, Teamwork Projects is one of the best services for managing projects.
Read ReviewWorkfront Review
MSRP: $30.00Pros: Provides enterprise-level work management and project management. Feature-rich. Supports different permissions levels. Open API.
Cons: No included chat app or timer. Not suited for companies aiming for a flat org chart. Rich customization means several weeks' setup time required.
Bottom Line: Workfront provides high-end project management for enterprises, as well as tools for getting day-to-day work done, all in one highly customizable service.
Read ReviewClarizen Review
MSRP: $45.00Pros: Comprehensive work management and project management (PM) platform. Includes chat app. Easy to navigate. Quick setup. Open APIs.
Cons: Not particularly fast, slick, or responsive. Expensive.
Bottom Line: Clarizen is an online work management and PM service that's best suited for enterprise organizations. Though it's easy to start using, it's a bit expensive and less slick than other options.
Read ReviewCeloxis Review
MSRP: $25.00Pros: Customizable dashboard. Clear, responsive interface. Good tools for generating reporting. Can track human and financial resources. Task timer included.
Cons: Cannot view or mark up attachments in the app. No in-app chat.
Bottom Line: Easy to learn and cleanly designed, project management app Celoxis offers a wide range of features for tracking tasks, financial resources, and time. It could be stronger in collaboration and communication, however.
Read ReviewTeamGantt Review
MSRP: $14.95Pros: Easy way to get into Gantt charts. Intuitive. Exceptional tutorial content. Reasonable price.
Cons: Doesn't update in real time. Lacks in-app notifications. Limited integration options for third-party tools.
Bottom Line: Highly intuitive for beginners, TeamGantt is an excellent project management app for small businesses. It could use improved communication tools, however.
Read ReviewProofHub Review
MSRP: $50.00Pros: Clear interface. Quick and easy setup. Nice balance of features and simplicity. Competitively priced.
Cons: Lacks budgeting tools. No recurring option for tasks. Slow. Occasional interface annoyances.
Bottom Line: Project management app ProofHub aims for simplicity without skimping on major features. It's an excellent app with a competitive price for small businesses.
Read ReviewMicrosoft Project Review
MSRP:Pros: Powerful in the right hands. Detailed options for managing resources. Customizable reports.
Cons: Confusing to buy, learn, and use. Doesn't integrate with many apps outside the Microsoft family. Pricier than competitors.
Bottom Line: It takes specific conditions for Microsoft Project to be a team's best option for project management, but when all the stars align, it's a powerful tool.
Read Review